Serum Trace Elements Linked to Progression in ALS Study

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease impacting motor neurons, with an estimated global prevalence of 4-5 per 100,000. Existing research highlights the potential role of trace elements in modulating neurodegenerative processes, but their specific association with ALS progression and patient survival remains unclear.

Method: This study conducted a longitudinal analysis of serum trace elements in a cohort of 150 sporadic ALS patients, utilizing inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to quantify levels of zinc, copper, and selenium. Participants were followed for a median period of 36 months, with primary endpoints including disease progression rate measured by the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised and overall survival.

Results: The analysis revealed that higher serum zinc levels were associated with a 25% slower disease progression (P=0.004) and a 30% reduction in mortality risk (HR=0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.94). In contrast, elevated copper levels correlated with a 40% increase in disease progression (P=0.002) and a significant increase in mortality risk (HR=1.50, 95% CI 1.10-2.02). No significant association was found for selenium levels.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that serum zinc may serve as a protective biomarker against ALS progression, while elevated copper signals a potential risk factor for worsened outcomes. This highlights the necessity of incorporating trace element monitoring in clinical assessments for ALS patients, with further studies required to establish causative mechanisms.

Original citation address: https://www.besjournal.com/en/article/doi/10.3967/bes2025.094