Hypertension Risk Factors Identified in Henan Rural Study

Background: Hypertension poses a significant public health challenge, contributing to approximately 1.4 million deaths annually in China. Previous studies have not adequately addressed rural populations, leading to a lack of understanding of local risk factors and health needs.

Method: This cross-sectional study assessed hypertensive status and associated risk factors among 1,200 adults aged 18 and older in rural Henan, China. Data collection involved health screenings and structured questionnaires focusing on demographic information, lifestyle factors, and medical history.

Results: The study identified a hypertension prevalence of 32%, with notable gender differences: 37% in men versus 28% in women (P<0.01). Key risk factors included smoking (odds ratio 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.4), high BMI (>24 kg/m2, odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.5), and low fruit intake (odds ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2).

Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need for tailored hypertension prevention strategies in rural settings, particularly addressing men's higher risk and lifestyle-related factors. Limitations include the cross-sectional design, which restricts causal inference, indicating the need for longitudinal studies.

Original citation address: https://www.besjournal.com/en/article/doi/10.3967/bes2025.102